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Sequestration of soil organic matter in broadleaf and coniferous forests in soil at various stages of pedogenesis
Hüblová, Lucie ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Vindušková, Olga (referee)
Soil organic matter (SOM) is an important component of the soil. SOM is responsible for availability of nutrients for plants and soil organisms, formation of soil structure and soils water-holding capacity. SOM is made up of organic matter (OM) of plant and animal origin at various stages of decomposition. SOM can be divided into several components called fractions. Fractions differ between each other in their resistance against decomposition. Main SOM fractions are: (1) free floating particulate organic matter (FPOM) and (2) OM bound to soil mineral surfaces in various ways (MAOM) - OH inside macro- and microaggregates and OM bound to silt and clay surfaces (S+C). It is assumed that MAOM fraction becomes C saturated during soil development and no more C can be sequestered in it. Other fractions, particularly FPOM, that are not dominant C storage in the initial stages of soil development become more important in the later stages and amount of C stored in them increases. However, there is scarcity of studies that examine this assumption. In this work I studied the hypothesis that soils in different stage of development will differ in the amount of C stored in different fractions. On top of that, this difference will be affected by the dominant tree species growing on the soil and the effect of tree...
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Zakládání a obnova lesa podsadbami pod přípravné porosty břízy bělokoré a olše šedé
Brach, Vlastimil
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare and evaluate saplings of the European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in underplantings under birch and grey alder preparative plant stands in different conditions in the LS LČR Šternberk district. It was evaluated seven variants under birch preparative plant stand and nine variants under grey alder preparative plant stand. A different way of intervention on every variant was used. There were measured and evaluated 16 parameters (e.g. actual height of seedlings, last years height of seedlings, annual increment, mortality). It was found out that every variant has another impact on underplanted saplings. It was found out that for birch plant stand are the best conditions for European beech saplings in variants with the 0.5 stocking. There are the best conditions for grey alder plant stand if the density of a stand was reduced to 50 %. Worse conditions for underplantings were identified on clear-cutting places.
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European black alder (Alnus glutinosa L. Gaertn.) in symbiosis with Frankia and their growth on post-mining heap soils
Buchbauerová, Lucie ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Alena (referee)
Alder (Alnus glutinosa L. Gaertn.) is a species of a pioneer plant usually colonizing sites in the early stage of ecological succession, such as spoil heaps after open-cast brown coal mining in the Sokolov mining district in north western Bohemia, Czech Republic. These spoil heaps are very poor in nutrients available for plants, yet alders grow in a mutualistic relationship with actinomycetes Frankia, which live in root nodules of the alder plants. Frankia are able of fixing atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH3) molecules, which can be then assimilate by alders, via enzyme nitrogenase. Thus, in the early stages of succession, alders have a competitive advantage to other non- fixing plant species living only on nitrates (NO3 - ) and ammonia ions (NH4 + ) present in soils. The aim of this study was to conduct and assess two greenhouse experiments. The first experiment studied the response of alder growth to presence of Frankia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of order Glomerales. The performance of alder growth was significantly higher when alders were inoculated with both Frankia and mycorrhizal fungi in comparison to when alders have grown on their own or only with a mycorrhizal symbiont - both on 14 and 60 years old soils from Sokolov mines. In the second experiment, soil pH and iron (Fe) and...
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Forest management of alder stands on the ecological series L – riparian sites
Bačovský, Jan ; Šálek, Lubomír (advisor) ; Martinisko, Jakub (referee)
The diploma thesis was focused to forest management of alder stands on the groups of forest habitat types 3L and 1L aiming to enhancement of quality production. The stands are located in the forest ranges Býchory,Ledce and Nymburk.
On those localities alder is only marginal tree species even though according to the rule No. 84/96 Sb. about forest management planning alder belongs to the important soil improving and reinforcing tree species in several management sets of stands. While the stocking on the forest habita types 3L is insufficient in many cases the stocking on the forest habitat types 1L is optimal. . The stand 204 which is 41 years old, has stock volume 182,65 m3/ha, the stand 308 at the age of 39 years has stock volume 129,28 m3/ha. The stand 616 at the age of 72 years has stock volume 220,67 m3/ha and the stand 617 at the age of 72 years has stock volume 212,12 m3/ha.
The tending proposal presents the alder silviculture as the integral part of forest ecosystems in the given landscape for the future management. 511E7 vegetation at the age of 76 years old has a of 167,13 m3/ha. Vegetation 511J8 at age 90 has a vocabulary of 203,33 m3/ha. Vegetation 512D5 at the age of 58 years old has a vocabulary of 166,75 m3/ha. The tending proposal is aimed to improvement of the quality status of stands and to maintenance the alder in forest ranges as an integral part of the landscape.
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Voskové povrchové úpravy
Šeda, Květoslav
The work deals with surface finishes when finishing wood-based material with classical and contemporary paints. The aim is to analyze the properties of coatings and to compare physical-mechanical, environmental, and appearance characteristics of contemporary coatings based on wax. The result is a comparison of the values observed for the use of paints and their deposition.
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Rekonstrukce přípravných porostů podsadbami
Janák, Jakub
The aim of this thesis was comparing growing of beech plants in different conditions under preparatory stands of alder and birch on LS LČR Šternberk district. There were 15 sites (8 under alder stand and 7 under birch stand) on which were made in different ways mining interventions in preparatory stands. There were measured overall 7 parametres (total height of seedlings, seedling height of last year, increment per the last year, length and width of the leaf, root collar diameter and deflection of stem from the vertical axis). Based on weight rating was find out, that each one of preparing stands has different impact to underplanted cultures. Under birch preparing stand was best conditions find out at site, where was density of stand reduced to 30 %. Under alder preparing stand was the best conditions find out under preparing stand with full density. The worst conditions for underplanted cultures were find out at sites without preparing stand (at clearcuts).
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Pevnost lepeného spoje vodáckých pádel
Jonáš, Martin
This work deals with the strength of the bond with paddles made of solid wood. The samples were made of solid wood blanks from spruce, alder and ash. There were used three types of adhesives in samples - polyvinyl acetate, melamine-urea-formaldehyde and epoxy resins. For these samples the effect of the species and different types of adhesive bonded joints for strength in bending was studied. Also described herein is cutting samples, bonding joints and their testing methodology. In the literature review are discussed various issues such as conditions affecting the adhesive bond, the adhesive film formation components adhesives etc., that are associated with this topic.
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Olejové povrchové úpravy dřevěných podlah v exteriéru
Jarkovský, Petr
This Bachelor thesis addresses problems associated with the change of surface tex-ture, shade and gloss retention of outdoors wooden floors treated by oil based coating depending on the type of wood used as well as coating composition. The work is sup-ported by practical measurements on specimens obtained from three different wood varieties which were subjected to three different oil surface treatments. Prepared sam-ples were exposed to outdoors weather conditions for a period of 142 days. Continuous-ly during this time laboratory measurements were performed and their results subsequently evaluated.
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Analýza vývoje tržních cen vybraných druhů a jakostních tříd listnatého řeziva
Šoupalová, Jana
This thesis is focused on price development of selected hardwood lumber types and quality grades. Processed analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the price development on the Czech market for the reference period 2008--2012. Selected tree species were oak, beech, maple and alder. All processed data were provided directly to the lumber producer and subsequently were supplemented by the published statistics from the Czech Statistical Office. Provided data were divided into two aggregated classes for each tree species. Aggregated classes were formed according to ways of lumber using, thus accordind to its quality. Prediction for 2013 is created in second part of the thesis using basic techniques of the conjunctural time series analysis. However, because of the existential problems of one of the cooperating companies in 2013 was not possible to accurately verify this prediction.
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